General History

Seperate Pages

• Costume Past and Present

• Crime and Punishment

• Emigration and Immigration

• Farming and Agriculture

• Irish Political and Social History

• Mining and Heavy Industry

• Stonemasons

• Trades and Occupations

Schools and Education

• http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/legislation.htm Education acts – history & politicians

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_England History of State Education

Museums and Galleries

• http://www.thewardrobe.org.uk/main.php3 Museum of The Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment - Salisbury

• http://www.beamish.org.uk/ Open air museum,at Beamish, Couty Durham, reflecting Northern life in 1800’s and early 1900’s

• http://www.edencamp.co.uk/ Eden Camp, Malton, North Yorkshire - Theme museum, centred on the history of WW2

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/sense_of_place/saltaire.shtml Saltaire, Bradford – factory and village, built by millowner & philanthropist Sir Titus Salt.

• http://www.saltsmill.org.uk/ Village includes Salts Mill – houses the David Hockney exhibition

Work and Trade Assosciations / Unions

• http://www.historyshelf.org/shelf/friend/06.php Friendly Societies - a brief overview, with links to some specifiic societies

• http://www.unionancestors.co.uk/index.htm Trade Union Ancestors

Political Parties and Movements

The Suffragettes

• http://www.cjbooks.demon.co.uk/suffrage.htm

• http://www.romanbritain.freeserve.co.uk/SUFFRAGETTES.HTM

• http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Whunger.htm

• http://www.johndclare.net/Women1_SuffragetteActions_Rosen.htm

Hospitals, Asylums and Sanitoriums

• http://users.ox.ac.uk/~peter/workhouse/MAB/MAB.shtml Establishment of hospitals, asylums, hospital ships, smallpox & TB

• http://www.institutions.org.uk/asylums/england/english_asylums.htm Asylum information

• http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/hospitalrecords/search.asp TNA's Hospital Database search facility

• http://www.coram.org.uk/heritage.htm CORAM Foundling Hospital Association

The Industrial Revolution

• http://www.leeds.gov.uk/armleymills/ Leeds industrial museum, which includes a history of industrialisation

• http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/ A useful site for the cotton spinning and weaving industry

• http://www.revolutionaryplayers.org.uk/home.stm Industrial History

American History

• http://userpages.aug.com/captbarb/femvets2.html Women in the American civil war, with links to other related sites

• http://www.teacheroz.com/wwi.htm America in World War One

Civilian Transport

• http://www.georgianindex.net/horse_and_carriage/carriage_door.html Carriages and Coaching

• http://www.hometown.aol.co.uk/BritHorseTrams/index.html Horse trams

• http://www.lvta.co.uk/history.htm Horse cabs and Hackney carriages

• http://www.flying-bike.demon.co.uk/helistuff/heli.html Helicopters

• http://www.ba-gb.com/index.php?ps=8 Bicycles

Architecture and Old Buildings

• http://www.letchworthgardencity.net/heritage/index-3.htm Letchworth, the first Garden City

• http://www.cadbury.co.uk/EN/CTB2003/about_chocolate/history_cadbury/social_pioneers/bournville_village.htm Bourneville village (founded by the Cadburys)

• http://www.portsunlightvillage.com/page.asp?pageid=history Port Sunlight (founded by William Lever)

• http://www.jrf.org.uk/housingandcare/newearswick/ New Earswick (built by Joseph Rowntree)

• http://koti.welho.com/rhurmal1/linnat2004/castles.html#A British Castles, Stately Homes and Houses

• http://www.victorianstation.com/architecturemenu.htm Victorian Architecture, mostly American

• http://www.building-history.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/ Researching historic buildings in the British Isles

The Law and Social Legislation

• http://www.oldbaileyonline.org This has the transcripts of Old Bailey trials from 1674-1834. You can search by name or place, (the name search includes defendants, witnesses and jurors). Also has old maps and other info about London history.

• http://www.devonfhs.org.uk/forewords/A138.pdf although written as an introduction to the Apprenticeship Register for Dawlish, Devon, this provides a good description of the Parish Apprenticeship system in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

• http://www.schools.bedfordshire.gov.uk/gaol/ccourts.htm A brief description of the 19th Century Criminal Justice System

• http://www.met.police.uk/history/index.htm History of the Metropolitan Police

The British Monarchy

• http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/genealogy/GEDCOM.html Royal and Noble Genealogical Data on the Web

• http://tribalpages.com/familytree.html Tribal pages uses the British royal family for its family tree tutorial. If you think you have royal connections it might be worth browsing.

Inns and Public Houses

• http://www.norfolkpubs.co.uk/ Norfolk Public Houses

• http://homepage.ntlworld.com/hitch/gendocs/pubs.html Pubs in Victorian London

• http://www.1881pubs.com/ Pubs in 1881

• http://www.pubsgalore.co.uk/towns/worcester/worcestershire/ Worcester pubs

• http://www.bristolslostpubs.com Pubs lost in Bristol

• http://londonpublichouse.com/ London & Essex Pubs History & Trade Directory

• http://www.hillfields.org.uk/History/Pubs/Index.htm Pubs in Hillfields, Coventry

• http://www.midlandspubs.co.uk Midlands pubs

• http://www.hunimex.com/warwick/pubs/index.html Warwickshire pubs

• http://www.sfowler.force9.co.uk/page_27.htm Tracing ancestors who worked in pubs

• http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/STS/Dir/StaffsPubs1818.html Staffordshire pubs

• http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~dutillieul/ZOtherPapers/Index/PubsInnsBeer.html Index to Pubs Inns and Beer Houses

• http://www.edinburgh247.com/edinburgh-pub-guide.asp A modern guide but handy list of Edinburgh pubs

• http://www.ensignewart.demon.co.uk/ensign/html/history_of_the_pub.html The story of the Ensign Ewart pub

• http://www.oldnotts.co.uk/sutton/pubs/others.htm Notts Pubs

• http://www.pubhistory.freeserve.co.uk/ The Pub History Society

• http://www.easywell.co.uk/pubs/ Gloucestershire Pubs and Breweries

Religion and the Clergy

• http://theclergydatabase.org.uk/ The Clergy of the Church of England Database

• http://www.catholic-history.org.uk/cfhs/index.htm Catholic family history

• http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data1/dg/methodist/methguid.html Methodists Archive and Research Centre

• http://www.methodist.org.uk/static/factsheets/fs_primitiveandwesleyan.htm The Methodist Church – factsheets (Wesleyans and primitive Methodists)

• http://www.answers.com/topic/primitive-methodism Primitive Methodism

• http://www.crockford.org.uk/ Crockford’s Clerical Directory: a directory of the clergy of the Church of England, the Church in Wales, the Scottish Episcopal Church,

• http://www.kinderlibrary.ac.nz John Kinder Theological Library

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends Religious Society of Friends - Wikipedia

• http://members.lycos.co.uk/JennySteel/quakers.html Famous Quakers

• http://www.rootsweb.com/~engqfhs/ Quaker Family History Society

• http://www.hull.ac.uk/oldlib/archives/quaker/bihrlink.htm Yorkshire Quaker Heritage Project

• http://www.leeds.ac.uk/library/spcoll/quaker/quakint1.htm Quaker Archives Database, West & North Yorkshire

• http://www.special-coll.bham.ac.uk/ The archives for the Church Missionary Society are kept at Birmingham University Library in their Special Collections. The catalogue can be searched online here

• http://www.jgsgb.org.uk The Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain

• http://eagle.cch.kcl.ac.uk:8080/cce/index.html Another database of Clergy of the Church of England

• http://www.cofe.anglican.org/about/librariesandarchives/familyhistory/index.html Anglican Sources for Tracing your Family History

• http://www.catholic-history.org.uk

• http://www.catholic-ew.org.uk

• http://www.scmo.org.uk/bishops_conference/diocese/today

• http://home.att.net/~Local_Catholic

• http://www.newadvent.org/cathen

• http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~hadland/rec.html

• http://www.churches-online.org.uk/salfordarchives

• http://www.stphilipsbooks.co.uk/crs.htm

• http://www.catholic-library.org.uk

• http://www.nli.ie/pdfs/famil2.pdf.

• http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/LatinNotes.html

• http://www.pro.gov.uk/leaflets/Riindex.asp

• http://www.swinhope.myby.co.uk/NRO/RCatholic.html

• http://www.hmc.gov.uk/nra/nra2.htm

• http://www.catholic-heritage.net/archives.htm

• http://www.scan.org.uk/aboutus/indexonline.htm

• http://www.sierratel.com/colinf/genuki/CAV/RC.htm

• http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/northowram

• http://www.cartes.freeuk.com/history/catholic.htm

• http://www.otherdays.com

• http://www.stbedes.melb.catholic.edu.au/home/br

Maps and Photography

• http://www.motco.com/MAP/ -Historic maps of London – most have indexes of place names

• http://www.motco.com/print/ Historic prints of London and other parts of Britain

• http://www.motco.com/panoramas/ Panoramic views of London and the Thames

• http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/environment/oldmap/index.asp Lancashire County Council - Environment Directorate: Old Maps

• http://www.old-maps.co.uk/ Historical map archive searchable by place name, address or coordinate (OS Grid Reference)

• http://www.nls.uk/maps/early/index.html Maps of Scotland 1560-1928

• http://www.nls.uk/pont/index.html Ponts Maps of Scotland

• http://www.nls.uk/maps/military/index.html Military Maps of Scotland (18th century)

• http://www.nls.uk/maps/townplans/index.html Ordnance Survey town plans 1847-1895

• http://www.countyviews.com/

• http://www.countyviews.com/beds/church.htm Bedfordshire Church Photographs

• http://www.countyviews.com/beds/index.htm Bedfordshire Town and Village Photographs

• http://www.countyviews.com/bucks/church.htm Buckinghamshire Church Photographs

• http://www.countyviews.com/bucks/index.htm Buckinghamshire Town and Village Photographs

• http://www.countyviews.com/oxford/index.htm Oxfordshire Photos (very few at the moment)

The Landed Gentry

• http://www.sledmerehouse.com/intro.html Sledmere House and Gardens website

• http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk/news/0601sykes.html Biographies of family members; papers of Sykes family held at Brynmor-Jones library, University of Hull

• http://www.yorkshire-racing.co.uk/sledmere.htm The Sledmere stud

• http://www.eastriding.gov.uk/leisure/tourism/pdf/leaflets/sykes_trail.pdf Churches restored by Sir Tatton Sykes

• http://www.yorkshirehistory.com/wagon/index1.htm Sir Mark Sykes & the Wagoners Reserve (with link to attestation details of individual men)

• http://www.r-alston.co.uk/country_house_database.htm A database of country houses in England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland and some of the surrounding islands, with brief histories.

Bargemen/Boatmen/Watermen/Lightermen

• http://www.blisworth.org.uk/images/index.html

• http://www.canals.com/resource.htm

• http://www.canalmuseum.org.uk/collection/family-history.htm

• http://www.hnboc.org.uk/ Narrowboat

• http://www.bargeman.co.uk/ Bargemen

• http://www.silsden.net/useful/Leeds_andLiverpool_canal_timeline.htm Leeds and Liverpool Canal

• http://www.virtualwaterways.co.uk/Home.html

• http://www.canaljunction.com/craft/index.htm Boats and Barges

• http://www.canaljunction.com/canal/boat_people.htm Canal People

• http://www.geocities.com/thameswatermen/index.htm The Thames Watermen - 1555 to 1700

• http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConNarrative.142/chapterId/2955/Thames-Watermen.html History of London Watermen

Jewish history

• http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/UK/londweb.htm Jewish history in London

Shipping and Passenger Lists

• http://home.att.net/~wee-monster/onlinelists.html Sources for transcribed passenger records and indexes

• http://www.theshipslist.com/ The Ships List

• http://proarchives.imagineering.com.au/index_search.asp?searchid=23 Unassisted Immigration to Victoria

• http://proarchives.imagineering.com.au/index_search.asp?searchid=24 Assisted British Immigration

• http://proarchives.imagineering.com.au/index_search.asp?searchid=42 Outward Passengers to Interstate, UK, NZ and Foreign Ports 1852-1876

• http://mariners.records.nsw.gov.au/ Mariners and Ships in Australian Waters

• http://www.blaxland.com/ozships/plist.htm Convictions Australian Shipping

• http://www.list.jaunay.com/ausnzpassengers/ Gateway page to Online AUSNZ Passenger Lists

• http://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/assisted_immigrants_1839-96_366.asp NSW Assisted Immigrants 1839-96

• http://members.aol.com/rprost/passenger.html Passenger lists on the internet

• http://www.archives.qld.gov.au/research/index/immigration.asp#immigrationindexes Queensland Indexes - Immigration 1848-1884

• http://www.collectionscanada.ca/02/020110_e.html Child emigration from Great Britain to Canada between 1869 and the early 1930s

• http://www.scan.org.uk/researchrtools/emigration.htm Highlands and Islands to Australia

• http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/emigranten/en/ Searchable database of Emigrants from the Netherlands to Australia between 1946 and 1991

• http://www.geneaknowhow.net/digi/pass1.html Dutch passenger lists pre-1736

• http://www.geneaknowhow.net/digi/pass2.html Dutch passenger lists after 1736

Some Old Legal Terms

Some of those funny words that we find on old wills etc.

MOIETY......... A half .....part..... portion or share of property etc. Note: Such is usually based on family or unilateral descent.

GAVELKIND...... Equal shares among qualifying heirs.

ECHEATS......... Reversion of land to the manor etc. under feudal tenure when lacking legal heirs.

MESSUAGE...... House or dwelling.

SIEZED............ To be in legal possession of, from the feudal concept of "seisin"

INTER ALIA..... Among other things

DEMESNE..........Land of a feudal lord retained for his own use i.e the grounds of a Mansion etc.

TERRIER........... A form of Register of Land belonging to an estate etc..

FEALTY............The fidelity owed to a Feudal Lord

FRANKPLEDGE....Anglo Saxon system in which 10 households or tithings were grouped together and became responsible for each others behaviour or conduct.

CAPITE.............means the Tenant held the property in 'Capite' for the landlord to whom he paid rents

ATTAINDER........Common law - The state of an offender who had been sentenced for a capital offence.

ATTAINTED..... disgraced......... or to pass sentence of attainder against....

ENFEOFFED.... to invest with a Feudal estate or fee.

DEVISED.......... Give land or property in a Will. Or to plan and contrive.

DEFEASANCE ...... Forfeiture or annulment of something or some legal right (usually because some original condition has not been complied with; e.g. not paying the mortgage)

Workhouses

• http://www.workhouses.org.uk/

• http://www.institutions.org.uk/workhouses/

• http://users.ox.ac.uk/~peter/workhouse/StMarylebone/

• http://www5.surreycc.gov.uk/dtcgi/nph-dtweb.exe?DThs=SurreyNoOrderNaturalLanguageFrame.htm Surrey History Centre Collections Catalogue

• http://www.highlittletonhistory.org.uk/ High Littleton & Hallatrow History and Parish Records

Ireland

Before the last ice-age, there was no Irish Sea, English Channel or North Sea, Europe was all one land mass and the fairly sparse population was of European origin . The encroaching ice pushed out most humans although one or two tribes may have held out on the West Coast of Ireland where the gulf stream raised the temperature, probably to something like Alaska's today. After the ice-age, about 10,000 years ago, the melting ice caps raised the sea level and created the present islands which were populated by European Celts who were gradually pushed westward by fresh influxes from Europe (mainly Germanics) and Scandinavia. Ireland in particular received quite a lot of Spanish. Trade by sea flourished so there were other additions to the gene pool, e.g. Viking, and later Spanish.

The island of Ierne (Ireland) was settled by a Milesian race, who came from Scythia (Middle East) by way of Spain, and established the Kingdom of Tara about 500 BC. The supremacy of the Ardri (High King) of Tara was acknowledged by eight lesser kingdoms (Munster, Connaught. Allech, Auriel, Ulidea, Meath, Leinster and Ossory) ruled by descendants of the eight sons of Miled.

Although little is known concerning the earliest inhabitants of Ireland, there are many traces of Neolithic man throughout the island. In the later Bronze Age a Celtic race of Goidels (Gaels) appears to have invaded the island and in the early Iron Age Brythons from South Britain effected settlements in the South East, whilst Picts from North Britain established similar settlements in the North. Towards the close of the Roman occupation of Britain (they never got to Ireland), the dominant tribe in the island was that of the Scoti, who afterwards established themselves in Scotland. Gypsies, a nomadic race, originally from India, are also well represented. The overall population remained sparse, under 3 million until the 20th century

With the separation of Britain, in the reign of Henry Vlll, from the Roman Catholic Church, Spain aggressively attempted to isolate England and sought to strengthen ties with the rest of Europe, including Ireland which remained predominately RC, culminating in a disastrous attempted invasion of England in 1588. The Armada came to grief after being forced through the English Channel, into the North Sea and rounding Scotland. It is believed that hundreds of Spanish sailors got ashore on the Irish coast and disappeared inland.

The Celts

• http://www.family-ancestry.co.uk/history/celts/anglo-celtic/ Family Ancestry Celts Anglo-celtic