Difference between revisions of "The Timeline"
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Revision as of 09:09, 23 August 2009
The Classified Index of Wiki Pages
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Eleventh Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000 | Sweyn | The Mark unit of currency | West Saxon, Mercian and Danish Law governs England | ||
| 1002 | Ethelred's massacre of the Danes | ||||
| 1014 | Ethelred II The Unready | ||||
| 1016 | The Danish Viking Canute (Cnut) son of Sweyn has victory at Ashington | ||||
| 1020 | |||||
| 1028 | |||||
| 1031 | Canute's Scotland campaigns | ||||
| 1040 | |||||
| 1042 | Edward The Confessor | Edward's Court of Normandy | French & Latin courtly languages | ||
| 1050 | Westminster Abbey founded, building began | ||||
| 1065 | Harold II the last Saxon | Edward dies 5 Jan Witan declare Harold king on 6 Jan | |||
| 1066 | William I of Normandy The Conqueror 25 Dec | Battle of Hastings | Bayeux Tapestry attributed to Matilda of Flanders, William I's wife or to Bishop Odo | The Norman Conquest | |
| 1072 | Building of Durham Castle commenced | ||||
| 1075 | Uprisings of Hereford, Norfolk and Northumberland quashed | ||||
| 1077 | First Cluniac House at Lewes (Benedictine Order) | ||||
| 1079 | Building of Winchester Cathedral commenced | ||||
| 1083 | Ely Cathedral commenced on former nunnery site | ||||
| 1086 | Domesday book completed | Henry, Holy Roman Emperor & German King born 8th AUG (last Salian dynasty) died 23 MAY 1125 | |||
| 1087 | William II 26 Sep | Introduction of Feudalism | Normanization of England | ||
| 1090 | |||||
| 1093 | greatest scholar is Anselm of Beck | ||||
| 1095 | First Crusade | ||||
| 1096 | William Rufus goes to First Crusade | ||||
| 1097 | Stephen born Blois France | ||||
| 1099 | Ranierus becomes Pope Paschal II - fosters the First Crusade | ||||
| 1100 | Henry I 5th Aug | William Rufus killed while hunting | Building of Durham Cathedral commenced |
Twelfth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1105 | Ronando Bandinelli born (becomes Pope Alexander II) | ||||
| 1119 | Foundation of the Knights Templar | Pope Calixtus II | |||
| 1122 | Pope Calixtus II - Concordant of Worms | ||||
| 1123 | St Bartholomew's Hospital, London founded by Rahere | David I becomes King of Scotland | |||
| 1129 | Cistercians (Order of St. Bernard) arrive from Cheaux France | ||||
| 1132 | |||||
| 1135 | Stephen of Blois 25 Dec | ||||
| 1141 | Matilda (Maud) | Civil War | |||
| 1147 | Second Crusade | ||||
| 1150 | Pope Alexander II named as cardinal | ||||
| 1154 | Henry II Plantagenet 19 Dec | ||||
| 1162 | Thomas Becket appointed Archbishop of Canterbury | Fredrick I forced into exile by Pope Alexander II | |||
| 1163 | Building of Notre Dame in Paris begins | ||||
| 1164 | Constitution of Clarendon | ||||
| 1166 | Assize (possessory) of Clarendon | ||||
| 1170 | Henry the Young King | crowned by Archbishop of York | |||
| 1172 | Thomas Becket murdered at Canterbury Cathedral | ||||
| 1176 | Assize (possessory) of Northampton | ||||
| 1179 | Third Laterin Council by Pope Alexander III | ||||
| 1189 | Richard I 3rd Sep | Third Crusade | |||
| 1199 | John 27 May |
Thirteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1204 | Fourth Crusade | ||||
| 1215 | Signing of Magna Carta | Fourth Laterin Council
Pope Innocent III | |||
| 1216 | Henry III 28 Oct | Two regents, William the Marshal and Hubert de Burgh, rule as Henry is only 9 | |||
| 1217 | Treaty of Lambeth | ||||
| 1218 | Fifth Crusade | ||||
| 1219 | Death of William the Marshal | ||||
| 1222 | Hugh de Burgh supresses an insurrection at Oxford | ||||
| 1223 | |||||
| 1224 | |||||
| 1227 | Henry takes full control of government of England. Hug de Burgh retained as principal adviser. | ||||
| 1228 | |||||
| 1230 | |||||
| 1232 | Peter de Riveaux appointed Treasurer of England | ||||
| 1236 | Henry marries Eleanor of Provence | ||||
| 1238 | Simon de Monfort marries Henry's sister, Eleanor | ||||
| 1258 | De Monfort leads the English barons to rebel | ||||
| 1258 | Henry signs the Provisions of Oxford | ||||
| 1261 | Henry repudiates the Provisions of Oxford | ||||
| 1262 | |||||
| 1263 | |||||
| 1264 | Battle of Lewes | ||||
| 1265 | Battle of Evesham | The poet, writer and philospher Dante born in Florence Italy | |||
| 1268 | |||||
| 1270 | Seventh Crusade | ||||
| 1272 | Edward I 20 Nov | ||||
| 1277 | English conquest of Wales begins | ||||
| 1278 | |||||
| 1279 | |||||
| 1280 | |||||
| 1282 | |||||
| 1288 | |||||
| 1290 | Death of Eleanor of Castile | Jews expelled from England | |||
| 1299 | Edward marries Margaret of France | Ottoman Empire begins |
Fourteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1300 | |||||
| 1301 | |||||
| 1302 | |||||
| 1303 | |||||
| 1304 | |||||
| 1305 | |||||
| 1306 | |||||
| 1307 | Edward II 8th July | ||||
| 1308 | Dante wrote The Divine Comedy between 1308 and 1321 | ||||
| 1309 | Papacy moves to Avignon | ||||
| 1310 | |||||
| 1314 | Battle of Bannockburn | ||||
| 1315-17 | Great Famine in Europe | ||||
| 1319 | Battle of Mytton: Scots defeat English | ||||
| 1322 | Battle of Boroughbridge: crown defeats rebels | ||||
| 1323 | Truce between Robert Bruce and Edward II but warfare continues | ||||
| 1325 | |||||
| 1327 | Edward III 25 Jan | First manuscript reference to a cannon | Death of Robert Bruce | ||
| 1333 | Battle of Halidon Hill | ||||
| 1336 | First reference to a mounted gun aboard ship | ||||
| 1337 | Guillaume de Machaut becomes canon at Rheims; composes "Messe de Notre Dame" during tenure | ||||
| 1338 | Start of 100 Years War | ||||
| 1342 | |||||
| 1346 | Battle of Crecy | ||||
| 1346 | Battle Of Neville's Cross | ||||
| 1348 | Black Death reaches Europe | A third or more of the population died as a result of the Black Death | |||
| 1356 | Battle of Poitiers | ||||
| 1377 | Richard II 22 June | Papacy returns to Rome
Guillaume de Machaut dies | |||
| 1380 | Chaucer begins The Legend of Good Women | ||||
| 1381 | The Peasants' Revolt | ||||
| 1382 | Chaucer's: The Parlement of Foules first use of rhyme royal in English Literature | ||||
| 1385 | Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde | ||||
| 1387 | Chaucer begins Canterbury Tales | ||||
| 1388 | Battle of Otterburn | ||||
| 1399 | Henry IV 30 Sep | ||||
| 1400 | Owen Glendower revolts in Wales | Chaucer dies, London, 25 Oct |
Fifteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1413 | Henry V 21 March | ||||
| 1415 | Battle of Agincourt | ||||
| 1422 | Henry VI 1st Sep | ||||
| 1440 | Eton College & Kings College Cambridge founded | ||||
| 1450 | Jack Cade's rebellion | ||||
| 1454 | Johannes Gutenberg uses movable type commercially | ||||
| 1455 | Start of the Wars of the Roses | ||||
| 1455 | First Battle of St Albans | Johannes Gutenberg prints 42 Line Bible in Catholic Mainz, Germany | |||
| 1456 | |||||
| 1461 | Edward IV 4th Mar | ||||
| 1470 | Henry VI | ||||
| 1471 | Edward IV | Battle of Barnet | |||
| 1476 | Caxton sets up first English printing press | ||||
| 1477 | William Caxton (first English Printer) produces Book of Curtesye & Rhymes for the Goodly Chylde | ||||
| 1483 | Edward V 9th April | ||||
| 1483 | Richard III 26 June | ||||
| 1485 | Battle of Bosworth Field | Richard III dies in battle | |||
| 1485 | Henry VII Tudor 22 Aug | ||||
| 1486 | Henry married Elizabeth of York, uniting the houses of York and Lancaster | ||||
| 1487 | |||||
| 1488 | |||||
| 1489 | |||||
| 1490 | |||||
| 1491 | Perkin Warbeck claims to be Richard, Duke of York | ||||
| 1492 | Christopher Columbus discovers America | ||||
| 1493 | |||||
| 1494 | |||||
| 1495 | First dry dock built at Portsmouth | ||||
| 1496 | First English blast furnace built in the Weald | ||||
| 1498 | Toothbrush invented in China | ||||
| 1499 | Perkin Warbeck hanged | Amergo Vespucci (Italian) explores and describes American coast |
Sixteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1502 | Death of Prince Arthur, heir to the throne | ||||
| 1503 | Death of Elizabeth of York, Henry's wife | ||||
| 1505 | |||||
| 1506 | |||||
| 1507 | |||||
| 1508 | |||||
| 1509 | Henry VIII 22 April | Marriage of Henry and Catherine of Aragon | |||
| 1510 | |||||
| 1511 | |||||
| 1512 | |||||
| 1513 | Battle of Flodden Field | ||||
| 1514 | |||||
| 1515 | Birth of Mary I | ||||
| 1528 | |||||
| 1529 | Cardinal Wolsey accused of high treason | ||||
| 1530 | |||||
| 1531 | |||||
| 1532 | Sir Thomas More gives up the Chancellorship | ||||
| 1533 | Henry marries Ann Boleyn and is excommunicated by the Pope | Birth of Elizabeth I | |||
| 1534 | Act of Supremacy passed | ||||
| 1535 | |||||
| 1536 | Execution of Anne Boleyn | Act of Union between Wales and England | |||
| 1537 | Jane Seymour dies | ||||
| 1538 | Parish Registers started | ||||
| 1539 | |||||
| 1540 | |||||
| 1541 | |||||
| 1542 | |||||
| 1543 | Robert Record writes The Ground of Arts, the first ever English mathematics textbook | Six Books of Copernicus: The Revolutions (laws) of the Heavenly Orbs published in the year of his death | |||
| 1544 | |||||
| 1545 | |||||
| 1546 | First civil divorce in England | ||||
| 1547 | Edward VI 28 Jan | ||||
| 1548 | |||||
| 1549 | First Act of Uniformity passed, making Roman Catholic mass illegal | The First Book of Common Prayer issued | |||
| 1550 | |||||
| 1551 | |||||
| 1552 | |||||
| 1553 | Jane 6th July | ||||
| 1553 | Mary I (Bloody Mary) 19 July | ||||
| 1554 | Marriage of Mary to Philip of Spain 25 July | Execution of Lady Jane Grey | |||
| 1555 | |||||
| 1557 | The Stationers Company controls English book publication | ||||
| 1558 | Elizabeth I 17 Nov | ||||
| 1559 | Second Act of Supremacy | ||||
| 1560 | |||||
| 1561 | |||||
| 1562 | Sumptuary law restricts hose, ruffs and swords | ||||
| 1563 to 1564 | Bubonic Plague in London | ||||
| 1564 | William Shakespeare baptised 26 April in Statford-upon-Avon Warwickshire | Galileo born | |||
| 1565 | |||||
| 1568 | Mary Queen of Scots flees to England and is imprisoned by Elizabeth | ||||
| 1571 | |||||
| 1575 | |||||
| 1577 | Francis Drake circumnavigates the worldto 1580 | ||||
| 1578 | |||||
| 1579 | |||||
| 1580 | |||||
| 1585 | Roanoke (North America) first Englsih colony founded by Sir Thomas Raleigh | ||||
| 1586 | Mary Queen of Scots sent for trial | Famine in England - gave rise to Poor Law system | |||
| 1587 | Execution of Mary Queen of Scots | ||||
| 1588 | Spanish Armada | ||||
| 1589 | William Byrd Elizabethan Composer creates Cantione Sacrae | Stocking Frame invented by William Lee | |||
| 1590 | First part of Edmund Spenser's The Fairie Queen published | ||||
| 1597 | Tagliacozzi publishes his plastic surgery techiques | ||||
| 1598 | Bishops' Transcripts introduced | ||||
| 1599 | Richard Burbage, William Shakespeare & others build the Globe Theatre in London | ||||
| 1600 | Heels on shoes became common in Europe | East India Company founded |
Seventeenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1601 | Poor Law Act Relief granted to paupers only in their parish of legal settlement | Orphans and paupers' children become apprentices (see Poor Law Act) | |||
| 1602 | |||||
| 1603 | James I Stuart 24 March | ||||
| 1604 | |||||
| 1605 | Gunpowder Plot | William Byrd Elizabethan composer creates Gradualia | |||
| 1606 | |||||
| 1607 | Ulster colonized by Protestant settlers | Tidal wave and flood in Bristol Channel kills 2000 people | Settlement of Jamestown, Virginia, USA | ||
| 1608 | John Milton (poet) born | Quebec city founded | |||
| 1609 | Johannes Kepler publishes Astromia Nova, Kepler's first two Laws of Planetary Motion | ||||
| 1609 | Galileo looks at the sky with a telescope | ||||
| 1610 | Authorized Version of Bible | ||||
| 1611 | |||||
| 1612 | Henry Prince of Wales died of typhoid | 10 hanged at Lancaster for witchcraft | |||
| 1613 | Globe Theatre London burns down | ||||
| 1614 | Globe Theatre rebuilt by June | John Napier publishes book of logarithms | New York founded by Dutch (New Amsterdam) | ||
| 1615 | |||||
| 1616 | Shakespeare dies 23 April at Statford-upon-Avon | ||||
| 1617 | Napier's bones, a calculating tool, invented | ||||
| 1618 | |||||
| 1619 | Francis Bacon made Lord Chancellor | Kepler publishes Harmonices Mundi, his Third Law of Planetary Motion | |||
| 1620 | Francis Bacon publishes Novum Organum | Pilgrim Fathers settle in New England | |||
| 1621 | |||||
| 1622 | |||||
| 1623 | |||||
| 1624 | Fire destroys much of Dunfermline | ||||
| 1625 | Charles I 27 March | ||||
| 1626 | |||||
| 1627 | England goes to war with France | ||||
| 1628 | William Harvey publishes An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals | ||||
| 1629 | 11 years rule without Parliament commences | ||||
| 1630 | |||||
| 1631 | |||||
| 1632 | |||||
| 1633 | Milton's On the Morning of Christ's Nativity first poem in English | ||||
| 1634 | First writs for Ship Money issued | Smallpox epidemic | |||
| 1635 | Smallpox epidemic | 18th Sept Emperor Ferdinand II declares War on France | |||
| 1636 | |||||
| 1637 | John Hampden tried for non-payment of Ship Money | New Prayer Book introduced in Scotland | |||
| 1638 | |||||
| 1639 | First Bishops War against Scots | ||||
| 1640 | Second Bishops war Battle of Newburn Ford | Most of Gentry and Merchant classes literate | |||
| 1641 | Star Chamber and Court of High Commission abolished | Protestation Returns required by Parliament | |||
| 1641 | Irish Rebellion | ||||
| 1642 to 1651 | English Civil Wars | ||||
| 1642 | Royalists victory at Powick Bridge 23 Sep | Theatre banned (until 1660) | Birth of Isaac Newton | ||
| 1642 | Royalist advantage after Battle of Edgehill 23 Oct | ||||
| 1643 | Crown controls Cornwall after Battle of Braddock Down 19 Jan | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Hopton Heath 16 Mar | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Stratton 16 May | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Chalgrove 17 Jun | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Adwalton Manor 30 Jun | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Roundway Down 13 Jul | ||||
| 1643 | Battle of Newbury 20 Sep | ||||
| 1643 | Parliament win Battle of Winceby 11 Oct | ||||
| 1644 | Battle of Nantwich 25 Jan | ||||
| 1644 | Battle of Cheriton 29 Mar | Globe Theatre destroyed by Puritans | |||
| 1644 | Battle of Cropredy Bridge 29 June | ||||
| 1644 | Battle of Marston Moor 2 July | Parliament bans Christmas (lasts until Restoration) | |||
| 1645 | |||||
| 1646 | |||||
| 1647 | George Fox's spiritual revelation that leads to founding Quakers | ||||
| 1648 | Frondes civil wars in France | ||||
| January 1649 | Regicide of Charles I | England declared a republic | |||
| 1649 to 1660 | Interregnum | Possible gaps in Parish records | |||
| 1649 | Irish royalists defeated at Wexford and the Siege of Drogheda | ||||
| 1650 | Scots royalists defeated at Dunbar | First coffee-house opened in England | Cape Town founded | ||
| 1651 | Scots royalists defeated at Worcester | Charles II flees into exile | |||
| 1652 to 1654 | First Dutch War | ||||
| 1652 | Pasqua Rosee opens London's first Coffee House | ||||
| 1653 | Oliver Cromwell | ||||
| 1654 | |||||
| 1655 | Parliament dismissed. Country divided into 11 districts, each with a Major-General | Jamaica captured from the Spanish | |||
| 1656 | |||||
| 1657 | Milton's Paradise Lost published | ||||
| 1658 | Richard Cromwell | Oliver Cromwell dies | |||
| 1659 | |||||
| 1660 | Charles II | Royal Society formed | Samuel Pepys begins diary | ||
| 1661 | The Corporation Act | Malpighi discovers capillaries | |||
| 1662 | Poor Relief Act (Act of Settlement) | The parish responsible for the relief of the poor | |||
| 1662 | Act of Uniformity | Charles II marries Catherine of Braganza | Book of Common Prayer (the current traditional C of E prayer book) | ||
| 1662 | The Quaker Act | ||||
| 1662 to 1689 | Hearth Tax in England | ||||
| 1663 | Mens' wigs become fashionable | ||||
| 1664 | Conventicle Act | ||||
| 1665-67 | 2nd Dutch War | The Oxford Gazette (later the London Gazette) first published The Convertide Act The Five Mile Act | |||
| 1665 | Five Mile Act | Great Plague | |||
| 1666 | Great Fire of London | Isaac Newton's annus mirabilis | |||
| 1666 | The Oxford Gazette becomes the London Gazette | ||||
| 1667 | John Milton writes Paradise Lost | ||||
| 1668 | Newton invents reflecting telescope | Bombay granted to East India Company | |||
| 1669 | Christopher Wren appointed Surveyor General | ||||
| 1670 | Secret Treaty of Dover | Milton's The History of Britain | |||
| 1671 | |||||
| 1672-74 | 3rd Dutch War | ||||
| 1673 | Test Act | ||||
| 1674 | John Milton (poet) dies | ||||
| 1675 | John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal | Royal Observatory established at Greenwich | |||
| 1676 | Great Fire of Southwark | St Paul's Cathedral begun by Sir Christopher Wren | |||
| 1677 | Act for burying in Woollen | ||||
| 1678 | Popish plot fabricated by Titus Oates | Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan | |||
| 1679 | Habeas Corpus Act | ||||
| 1680 | William Dockwra establishes the penny post | Anton van Leeuwenhoek refines the microscope and Royal Society accept his observations on single cell organisms | |||
| 1681 | Charles II offered sanctuary to the Huguenots | ||||
| 1682 | Pennsylvania founded | ||||
| 1683 | |||||
| 1684 | |||||
| 1685 | James II 6th Feb | Battle of Sedgmoor | Edict of Nantes revoked and many Huguenots settle in England | Johann Sebastian Bach born
Georg Friedrich Handel born Halle Germany | |
| 1687 | Newton publishes Principia | ||||
| 1688 | The Glorious Revolution | ||||
| 1689 | William III Prince of Orange and Mary II 13 Feb | Battle of Killiecrankie | Freedom of worship for Protestant dissenters | ||
| 1690 | First bicycle appears in France - the celerifere | ||||
| 1692 | Glencoe Massacre | Salem witch trials in Massachusetts | |||
| 1693 | National Debt founded | Land tax first introduced | |||
| 1694 | Death of Mary II; William III rules alone 28 Dec | Foundation of the Bank of England | |||
| 1695 | Press licensing abandoned in England (freedom of the press) | ||||
| 1696 | Window Tax introduced | ||||
| 1697 | St Paul's Cathedral opened | ||||
| 1698 | Sir Isacc Newton calculates the speed of sound | ||||
| 1699 | |||||
| 1700 |
Eighteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1701 | Act of Settlement | Jethro Tull invents the seed drill | |||
| 1702 | Anne 08 March | War of Spanish Succession starts | The Daily Courant published - first daily newspaper | ||
| 1703 | The Great Storm of 1703 | ||||
| 1704 | Battle of Blenheim | ||||
| 1705 | The Earl of Peterborough captures Barcelona | Newcomen invents first practical steam engine | |||
| 1706 | Marlborough defeats the French at the Battle of Ramilles | ||||
| 1707 | Act of Union | ||||
| 1708 | Capture of Minorca | Prince George of Denmark, Anne's husband, dies | |||
| 1709 | First piano built by Bartolommeo Cristofori in Florence | ||||
| 1710 | |||||
| 1711 | |||||
| 1712 | |||||
| 1713 | The Treaty of Utrecht | ||||
| 1714 | George I Elector of Hannover 01 August | End of the War of Spanish Succession | Mercury thermometer invented by Gabriel Fahrenheit | ||
| 1715 | Jacobite Rebellion defeated | ||||
| 1716 | The Septennial Act (General Elections to be held every 7 years) | ||||
| 1717 | |||||
| 1718 | Thomas Lombe's silk spinning patent | ||||
| 1719 | Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe published | ||||
| 1720 | South Sea Bubble burst | ||||
| 1721 | Robert Walpole becomes the first Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1722 | Daniel Defoe 's A Journel of the Plague Year & Colonial Jack published | ||||
| 1723 | |||||
| 1726 | Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift published | Death of Sophia Dorothea, wife of George I | |||
| 1727 | George II 11 June | Death of Sir Isaac Newton | |||
| 1733 | Kay's flying shuttle | ||||
| 1736 | Witchcraft finally abolished as a crime | ||||
| 1737 | Death of Queen Caroline | ||||
| 1738 | Methodism begins | ||||
| 1739 | War of Jenkins Ear | ||||
| 1740 | War of the Austrian Succession | ||||
| 1742 | Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington, Prime Minister (Whig) | Henry Fielding publishes Joseph Andrews | Sheffield flatware (cutlery) developed by Thomas Boulsover | ||
| 1743 | Henry Pelham, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1744 | John Newbery first to publish Children's Literature A Pretty Pocket Book | ||||
| 1745 | 2nd Jacobite rebellion | ||||
| 1746 | Battle of Culloden | ||||
| 1747 | James Lind, a Scottish naval surgeon, discovers that citrus fruits prevent scurvy | ||||
| 1748 | Tobias George Smollet publishes The Adventures of Roderick Random | ||||
| 1149 | Fielding publishes Tom Jones Samuel Johnson published poem A Vanity of Human Wishes | ||||
| 1750 | London earth tremors cause panic Samuel Johnson produces The Rambler essays (1750-52) | ||||
| 1751 | Fielding publishes Amelia Tobias Smollet publishes The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle | ' | |||
| 1752 | Gregorian calendar introduced | ||||
| 1753 | Foundation of the British Museum | Marriage Act | |||
| 1754 | Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1755 | War with France | Samuel Johnson published The Dictionary (English) | |||
| 1756 | William Cavendish, Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister (Whig) | Marine Society founded | |||
| 1756 to 1763 | Seven Years' War | ||||
| 1755 | Black Hole of Calcutta | ||||
| 1757 | Battle of Plassey | William Blake born | |||
| 1758 | Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1759 | Georg Friedrich Handel dies | ||||
| 1760 | George III 25 Oct | ||||
| 1762 | John Stuart, Earl of Bute, Prime Minister (Tory) | Oliver Goldsmith's essay The Citizen of the World or Letters from a Chinese Philospher published | |||
| 1763 | George Grenville, Prime Minister (Whig) | August hailstorms ruin Sussex harvest | |||
| 1764 | Oliver Goldsmith publishes The Travellor | ||||
| 1765 | Charles Watson-Wentworth, Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister (Whig) | John Newbery prints A history of Goody Two Shoes; Mother Goose's Melody | |||
| 1766 | William Pitt the Elder, Earl of Chatham, Prime Minister (Whig) | The Vicar of Wakefield by Oliver Goldsmith published | |||
| 1767 | Augustus Fitzroy, Duke of Grafton, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1768 | Royal Academy of Arts founded | Spinning jenny | |||
| 1770 | Frederick North, Lord North, Prime Minister (Tory) | Cook charts New South Wales
Ludwig van Beethoven born in Bonn | |||
| 1773 | Boston Tea Party | Oliver Goldsmith's play She Stoops to Conquer appears | |||
| 1774 | Discovery of oxygen by Joseph Priestley | ||||
| 1775 | American War of Independence | James Watt develops the steam engine | |||
| 1776 | Bridgewater canal completed | American Declaration of Independence | |||
| 1778 | First iron bridge built | ||||
| 1778 | Bramah's flushing watercloset patented | ||||
| 1779 to 1783 | Siege of Gibraltar | ||||
| 1779 | Crompton's Mule | ||||
| 1780 | 4th Anglo-Dutch war | Gordon Riots in London | |||
| 1781 | |||||
| 1782 | Charles Watson-Wentworth, Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1782 | William FitzMaurice, Earl of Shelburne, Prime Minister (Whig) | ||||
| 1783 | William Bentinck, Duke of Portland, Prime Minister (Tory) | Britain recognises U.S. independence | |||
| 1783 | William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister (Tory) | ||||
| 1784 | William Blake opens own print shop; | Blake invents relief etching as a print/publishing form | |||
| 1785 | Separation of the Methodist Church from the Church of England | Cartwright's Power Loom | |||
| 1786 | Beginnings of gas lighting | ||||
| 1787 | The Constitution (United States of America) declared | ||||
| 1788 | Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie) dies in Rome | ||||
| 1788 | Captain Arthur Phillip's First Fleet in Sydney Cove | ||||
| 1789 | French Revolution | ||||
| 1791 | Publication of The Rights of Man by Thomas Paine | The Board of Ordnance started mapping southern Britain | |||
| 1793 | War with France | Joseph Preistley discovered nitrous oxide (laughing gas) | |||
| 1794 | William Blake writes and prints Songs of Innocence and Experience | ||||
| 1796 to 1808 | Anglo-Spanish War | ||||
| 1796 | Grand Junction (Union) Canal opens | ||||
| 1796 | Jenner develops smallpox vaccine | ||||
| 1798 | Nelson wins Battle of the Nile | Beethoven writes Pathetique | Beginning of Irish Immigration to Canada | ||
| 1800 | Sir Humphry Davy announces the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide although it was not used as such for 40 years | Census Act |
Nineteenth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1801 | Regents Canal opens | Census 10th March (of limited use to family historians | |||
| 1801 | Henry Addington, PM (Tory) | Earl of Mansfield's monument completed by John Flaxman | First Ordnance Survey map published, the 1 inch map of Kent | ||
| 1802 | John Flaxman illustrates Dantes' The Divine Comedy | ||||
| 1804 | William Pitt the Younger, PM (Tory) | World's first steam-hauled railway journey at Merthyr Tydfil,Wales | |||
| 1805 | Battle of Trafalgar | ||||
| 1806 | William Grenville, Lord Grenville, PM (Whig) | State funeral of Nelson | Birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel | ||
| 1807 | Abolition of Slavery Act | ||||
| 1807 | William Bentinck, Duke of Portland, PM (Tory) | ||||
| 1808 to 1814 | Peninsular War | ||||
| 1809 | Spencer Perceval, PM (Tory) | First 'free' settlers to NSW | |||
| 1810 | First curry house opens in England | ||||
| 1811 | Prince George appointed Regent when his father's health deteriorates (porphyria) | Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility published | Census 27th May (of limited use to family historians) | ||
| 1812-15 | Anglo-American War | ||||
| 1812 | Spencer Perceval PM assassinated | First commercial European paddle steamer | Rose's Act passed. Entry of baptisms, marriages and burials in Anglican churches standardised in bound volumes | ||
| 1812 | Robert Jenkinson, Earl of Liverpool, PM (Tory) | ||||
| 1813 | Publication of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen | ||||
| 1814 | Publication of Mansfield Park by Jane Austen | ||||
| 1815 | Napoleon defeated at the Battle of Waterloo | Emma by Jane Ausen published | Leeds Liverpool canal completed | ||
| 1816 | Davy lamp improves mining safety | Year without a summer following volcanic eruption | |||
| 1816 | René Laënnec invents the stethoscope | ||||
| 1816 | The draisine (bicycle) appears in Germany | ||||
| 1817 | Jane Austen's Persuasion and Northanger Abby published postumously | ||||
| 1818 | Nelson's monument completed by John Flaxman | James Blundell, British obstetrician, performs the first successful human blood transfusion | Death of Queen Charlotte | ||
| 1818 | Curride (bicycle) appears in England (known as the hobbyhorse) | ||||
| 1819 | Peterloo Massacre | Jacques Offenbach French Composer born | |||
| 1820 | George IV 29 Jan | Failure of the Cato Street Conspiracy | |||
| 1821 | Census May 28th (of limited value to family historians) | ||||
| 1822 | Birth of Louis Pasteur | Caledonian Canal completed | |||
| 1823 | |||||
| 1824 | |||||
| 1825 | First railway, Stockton-Darlington | ||||
| 1826 | Machine breaking & riots in Lancashire | First steamship crosses Atlantic | |||
| 1827 | George Canning PM (Tory) | Endoscope invented by Pierre Segalas | |||
| 1827 | Frederick Robinson, Viscount Goderich, PM (Tory) | Ludwig van Beethoven dies | |||
| 1828 | Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, PM (Tory) | ||||
| 1829 | The Catholic Relief Act passed - Catholics permitted to becomes MPs | Metropolitan Police established | Stephenson's "Rocket" locomotive | WA declared British possession | |
| 1830 | William IV 26 June | Charles Grey, Earl Grey, PM (Whig ) | Liverpool & Midlands Railway opens | ||
| 1831 | Census: 30th May (of limited use to family historians) | ||||
| 1831 to 1832 | 1st Cholera Epidemic | ||||
| 1832 | The Reform Bill of 1832 | ||||
| 1833 | Slavery Abolition Act | ||||
| 1834 | Poor Law Amendment Act | Tolpuddle Martyrs sentenced to transportation to Australia | |||
| 1834 | William Lamb, Viscount Melbourne, PM Whig) | ||||
| 1834 | Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, PM (Tory) | ||||
| 1834 | Sir Robert Peel, PM (Tory) | ||||
| 1835 | William Lamb, Viscount Melbourne, PM (Whig) | ||||
| 1836 | Sentence of Tolpuddle Martyrs remitted under public pressure | Charles Dickens serializes The Pickwick Papers | |||
| 1837 | Victoria 20 June | Electric Telegraph invented | Civil Registration introduced | ||
| 1837 | Alfred Bird invents custard powder | ||||
| 1838 | Chartism:The People's Petition | Daguerrotype photographical process | Public Record Office established | ||
| 1839 to 1842 | First Afghan War | ||||
| 1839 | Foundation of the anti-Corn Law League | Macmillan produces the self propelled hobbyhorse | |||
| 1840 | Charles Booth, Ship owner and Sociologist born | ||||
| 1840 | Uniform Penny Post introduced | Victoria married Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha | |||
| 1841 | Sir Robert Peel PM (Tory) | Thomas Cook travel company founded | London-Brighton railway completed | Census: 6th June | |
| 1842 | Income Tax Act | Income tax re-introduced | Invention of Kilner jar enables easier home preservation of fruit and vegetables | ||
| 1843 | Rebecca riots in Wales | ||||
| 1844 | Nitrous oxide first used as an anesthetic by Dr. Horace Wells, American dentist | ||||
| 1844 | Safety match invented in Sweden | ||||
| 1845 | Start of the Irish Potato Famine | Emigration from Ireland rises steeply | |||
| 1845 to 1872 | New Zealand Colonial Wars | ||||
| 1846 | Lord John Russell, PM (Whig) Repeal of the Corn Laws | Dickens publishes Dombey and Son (1846-48) | Hans Christian Anderson's stories translated into English | ||
| 1847 | First use of chloroform in childbirth | Greenwich Mean Time adopted across mainland Great Britain | |||
| 1848 to 1849 | 2nd Cholera Epidemic | ||||
| 1848 | 1st Public Health Act | Foundation of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood | First aircraft to fly under its own power in Chard, Somerset | Influx of academic and middle class Europeans to London | |
| 1849 | Dickens releases David Copperfield | ||||
| 1850 | First Public Library Act | First convicts arrive in Perth 'Scindian' | |||
| 1851 | The Great Exhibition | Australian Gold Rush | Census: 30th March | ||
| 1852 | Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby, PM (Conservative) | Foundation of the Museum of Manufactures (later the Victoria & Albert Museum) | |||
| 1852 | George Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen, PM (Conservative) | Dickens releases Bleak House 1852-1853 | |||
| 1853 | 3rd Cholera Epidemic | ||||
| 1853 | Compulsory Vaccination Act | Jacques Offenbach composes and performs Pepito | Alexander Wood invents hypodermic syringe | ||
| 1854 to 1856 | The Crimean War | Florence Nightingale and the Crimean War | |||
| 1854 | Broad Street cholera outbreak | John Snow discovers cause of cholera | |||
| 1854 | Dickens publishes Hard Times | ||||
| 1855 | Viscount Palmerston, PM (Liberal) | Dickens releases Little Dorrit | Civil Registration introduced in Scotland | ||
| 1856 | Crinoline becomes popular | Synthetic dyes invented | |||
| 1856 | Cage crinoline invented | Bessemer converter enables large scale steel production | |||
| 1856 | First commercial production of condensed milk | ||||
| 1857 | The Museum of Manufactures moved to South Kensington and became South Kensington Museum (later the Victoria and Albert Museum) | Matrimonial Causes Act | |||
| 1858 | Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby, PM (Conservative) | ||||
| 1858 | Viscount Palmerston PM (Liberal) | Secular Court of Probate created | |||
| 1859 | Louis Pasteur paper published suggesting that microorganisms may cause many human and animal diseases | Charles Darwin’s On The Origin Of Species published | |||
| 1860 | |||||
| 1861 | Death of Prince Albert from typhoid | Census: 7th April | |||
| 1861 to 1865 | American Civil War | Lancashire Cotton Famine | |||
| 1862 | |||||
| 1863 | Formation of Football Association | First underground railway opens in London | |||
| 1864 | First diagnosis of swine fever in Bristol | Dickens serializes Our Mutual Friend until 1865 | |||
| 1864 | First diagnosis of swine fever in Bristol | ||||
| 1865 to 1866 | 4th Cholera Epidemic | ||||
| 1865 | Locomotives on Highways Act also known as the 'Red Flag Act' | Great Cattle Plague to 1857 | |||
| 1865 | John Russell, Earl Russell, PM (Liberal) | Lewis Carrol (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson) published Alice's Adventures in Wonderland | |||
| 1866 | Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby, PM (Conservative) | ||||
| 1867 | Second Reform Act - number of voters doubled | Joseph Lister publishes paper on Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery | Suez canal opens. First commercially successful typewriter invented | ||
| 1868 | Benjamin Disraeli, PM (Conservative) | Lousia Alcott's Little Women published | Last convicts transported to Western Australia | ||
| 1868 | William Ewart Gladstone, PM (Liberal) | Jacques Offenbach composes Orpheus of the Underworld | Margarine invented in France by Hippolyte Mege-Mouriez | ||
| 1870 | Education Act makes primary education compulsory | First Barnardo's Home opens | |||
| 1870 | Charles Dickens dies and The Mystery of Edwin Drood published postumously | Germ theory of disease established by Robert Kock and Louis Pasteur | |||
| 1871 | Trade Unions legalized | Lewis Carroll's Through The Looking Glass and what Alice Found There published | James Starling invents pennyfarthing bicycle ("highwheeler") | Census: 2nd April | |
| 1871 | Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree, entrepreneur and philanthropist born | ||||
| 1872 | 2nd Public Health Act introduced | Compulsory vaccination against smallpox introduced | |||
| 1873 | |||||
| 1874 | Benjamin Disraeli PM (Conservative) | Bustles begin to be fashionable | |||
| 1875 | 3rd and 4th Public Health Act introduced and were compulsory | First electric dental drill patented by George Green | |||
| 1876 | New Central Committee of Nation Society for Women's Suffrage founded Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer published | Both Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell file patents for the telephone | |||
| 1877 | First Lawn Tennis Championship at Wimbledon | Edison invents phonograph | |||
| 1878 | Joseph Swan invents and patents the electric light bulb | ||||
| 1878 to 1880 | Second Afghan War | ||||
| 1879 | Zulu War | First vaccine for Cholera introduced | |||
| 1880 | William Ewart Gladstone, PM (Liberal) | Jacques Offenbach composes The Tales of Hoffman | |||
| 1880 to 1881 | First Boer War | Death of Jacques Offenbach | |||
| 1881 | Some women granted the vote in the Isle of Man | First vaccine for anthrax introduced | Census: 3rd April | ||
| 1883 | Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island published | First electric railway opens in Brighton | 20 May eruption of Krakatoa Cholera Epidemic in India | ||
| 1884 | Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn published | ||||
| 1885 | Marquess of Salisbury, PM (Conservative) | Robert Louis Stevenson's A Child's Garden of Verse published | Modern style chain driven bicycle invented Benz builds first motor car | ||
| 1886 | William Ewart Gladstone, PM (Liberal) | Coca Cola invented in USA by Dr John Stith Pemberton | |||
| 1886 | Marquess of Salisbury, PM (Conservative) | R L Stevenson's Kidnapped Published | |||
| 1887 | Adolf Frick invents contact lenses | Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee | |||
| 1888 | Oscar Wilde's The Happy Prince and Other Tales published | ||||
| 1890 | Antitoxins discovered by Emil von Behring who used them to develop tetanus and diphtheria vaccines | ||||
| 1891 | Census: 5th April | ||||
| 1892 | William Ewart Gladstone PM (Liberal) | ||||
| 1893 | First Matabele War | Marconi invents Wireless Telegraph | |||
| 1894 | Earl of Rosebery PM (Liberal) | ||||
| 1895 | Marquess of Salisbury PM (Conservative) | Rontgen discovers X rays | |||
| 1896 | Second Matabele War | First vaccine for typhoid fever | |||
| 1897 | First vaccine for plague | Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee | |||
| 1898 | Marie Curie (1867-1934) discovers radioactive substances | ||||
| 1899 | Women gain the right to vote in Western Australia | Museum of South Kensington becomes the Victoria and Albert Museum | Bayer begin marketing Aspirin |
Twentieth Century
| YEAR | MONARCH | POLITICAL EVENTS AND CONFLICTS | SOCIAL HISTORY AND EPIDEMICS | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES | NOTABLE EVENTS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | Beatrix Potter's The Tale of Peter Rabbit published | |||||
| 1901 | Queen Victoria died 22nd Jan | Satori Kato invents powdered instant coffee | Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research opens in New York City | |||
| 1901 | Edward VII | The existence of different human blood types discovered by Karl Landsteiner | Australia granted dominion status | |||
| 1901 | Census 1st April | |||||
| 1902 | Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister (Conservative) | Beatrix Potter's The Tale of Gloucester published | Marmite first produced in Burton on Trent | Anglo Japanese Alliance treaty, first signed on 30th January | ||
| 1903 | Wilbur and Orville Wright make the first manned flight | |||||
| 1903 | Willem Einthoven invents electrocardiograph, King Camp Gillette invents the safety razor | |||||
| 1905 | Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister (Liberal) | |||||
| 1906 | Diagnostic test for syphilis introduced by German researcher August von Wasserman. | San Francisco earthquake | ||||
| 1907 | First mention of a brassiere in Vogue | Skin test for TB introduced by Clemens Von Pirquet. | New Zealand granted dominion status | |||
| 1907 | First successful human blood transfusion using Landsteiner's ABO blood typing technique | |||||
| 1908 | Herbert H. Asquith PM (liberal-coalition) Women's Suffrage bill carried by 179 votes | The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame published | 4th Olympic Games held in London Triple Entente between Russia, France and Great Britain signed | |||
| 1909 | Old age pension introduced in Britain | National Committee for Mental Hygiene founded to promote prevention and cure of mental diseases. | ||||
| 1909 | Labour Exchange system introduced | |||||
| 1910 | George V | First large scale production of rayon | ||||
| 1911 | National Insurance Act | Census 2nd April | ||||
| 1912 | Suffragette newspaper founded by the Pankhursts | Sinking of the Titanic | ||||
| 1913 | Senghenydd mining pit disaster | |||||
| 1914 to 1918 | World War One | Sinking of the Lusitania | ||||
| 1914 | Suffragettes suspended militancy and joined war effort | |||||
| 1915 | Coalition government formed | |||||
| 1916 | David Lloyd George PM (Liberal - Coalition Government) | |||||
| 1916 | Battle of the Somme | |||||
| 1917 | Russian Revolution | |||||
| 1918 | Qualification of Women Act | Influenza pandemic | First opportunity for women to vote | |||
| 1919 | Third Afghan War (May-Aug) | Ernest Rutherford splits the atom | Lady Astor becomes the first woman MP | |||
| 1919 | Sex Disqualification Act | Children's Book Week introduced in USA | ||||
| 1920 | Married Women's Protery Act | |||||
| 1921 | Edward Mellanby discovers vitamin D | |||||
| 1922 | Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister (Conservative) | BBC begins radio broadcasts | ||||
| 1923 | Stanley Baldwin PM (Conservative) | 26th April Marriage of Duke of York and Lady Elizabeth | First vaccine for diphtheria | Anglo Japanese Alliance treaty terminated | ||
| 1923 | Clarence Birdseye perfects technique for freezing food | |||||
| 1924 | First Labour Government formed by James Ramsay MacDonald | First Greenwich time signal broadcast | Death of Lenin | |||
| 1924 | Stanley Baldwin PM (Conservative) | |||||
| 1925 | The Guardianship of Infants Act | |||||
| 1926 | General Strike in support of coalminers | John Logie Baird makes the first public demonstration of television | Formal Legal Adoption Commenced | |||
| 1926 | Winnie-the-Pooh by A A Milne published | First vaccine for pertussis (whooping cough). | ||||
| 1927 | Princess Elizabeth born April 21st | First vaccine for tuberculosis | ||||
| 1927 | First vaccine for tetanus | |||||
| 1928 | Representation of the People Act | House At Pooh Corner by A A Milne published | Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin | |||
| 1929 | James Ramsay MacDonald PM (Labour) | The Wall Street Crash | Start of the Great Depression | |||
| 1930 | Princess Margaret Rose born | Jacob Schlick's electric razor introduced | Discovery of the planet Pluto | |||
| 1931 | James Ramsay MacDonald PM (National Labour - National Government) | |||||
| 1932 | BBC World Service begins | |||||
| 1933 | Manfred Sakel discovers insulin shock therapy | |||||
| 1933 to 1945 | Adolf Hitler, Chancellor and Head of state of Germany(Dictator) | |||||
| 1935 | Stanley Baldwin PM (Conservative - National Government) | Driving test introduced | Bra cup sizes introduced in USA | |||
| 1936 | Edward VIII January to December | Death of George V | First vaccine for yellow fever | Olympic Games Berlin Germany | ||
| 1936 | George VI (Windsor) | Maiden voyage of the liner the Queen Mary | World's first television service launched in Britain | |||
| 1937 | Neville Chamberlain PM (Conservative - National Government) | First vaccine for typhus | Duke of Windsor marries Wallis Simpson | |||
| 1939 to 1945 | World War Two | Dupont begin producing nylon | ||||
| 1940 | Winston Churchill PM (Conservative - Coalition Government) | Radar developed by British scientists | ||||
| 1941 | ||||||
| 1942 | ||||||
| 1943 | Colossus, the first programmable computer, operational at Bletchley Park | |||||
| 1944 | ||||||
| 1945 | Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki | |||||
| 1945 | Clement Attlee PM (Labour) | First vaccine for influenza | ||||
| 1947 | Notably severe winter in UK | India and Pakistan granted independence | ||||
| 1948 | The National Health Service comes into effect on the 5th of July 1948 | |||||
| 1948 | Berlin Blockade and Air Lift | |||||
| 1949 | ||||||
| 1950 | John Hopps invented the first cardiac pacemaker | |||||
| 1951 | Winston Churchill PM (Conservative) | Festival of Britain | ||||
| 1952 | Elizabeth II | USA tests the first hydrogen bomb | Jonas Salk invented polio vaccine | |||
| 1953 | Paracetamol first marketed | |||||
| 1954 | Rationing finally ends | |||||
| 1955 | Sir Anthony Eden PM (Conservative) | Contraceptive pill invented by Gregor Pincus | ||||
| 1956 | ||||||
| 1957 | Harold Macmillan PM (Conservative) | First space satellite launched | ||||
| 1958 | ||||||
| 1959 to 1975 | Vietnam War | |||||
| 1959 | ||||||
| 1960 | ||||||
| 1961 | First manned space flight by Yuri Gagarin | Creation of Berlin Wall | ||||
| 1962 | First oral polio vaccine (as an alternative to the injected vaccine) | U.S. Congress passes legislation creating Medicare and Medicaid. | ||||
| 1963 | Sir Alec Douglas-Home PM (Conservative) | Very severe winter | ||||
| 1963 | Assassination of President John F Kennedy in the USA | |||||
| 1964 | Harold Wilson PM (Labour) | First vaccine for measles | ||||
| 1965 | U.S. Congress passes law requiring label on cigarette packages: "Warning: Cigarette Smoking may be Hazardous to your Health." | |||||
| 1966 | Decimal currency and dollars in Australia | |||||
| 1967 | First vaccine for mumps. | South African heart surgeon Dr. Christiaan Barnard performs the first human heart transplant. | ||||
| 1968 | USSR invades Czechoslovakia | Martin Luther King assassinated | ||||
| 1969 | Apollo 11 moonlanding - 1st man on the moon | |||||
| 1970 | Edward Heath PM (Conservative) | First vaccine for rubella. | ||||
| 1971 | Introduction of decimal currency | |||||
| 1973 | CAT scan invented by Godfrey Hounsfield and Allan Cormack | |||||
| 1974 | Harold Wilson PM (Labour) | First vaccine for chicken pox. | ||||
| 1974 | ||||||
| 1976 | James Callaghan, Prime Minister (Labour) | |||||
| 1977 | First vaccine for pneumonia | |||||
| 1978 | First test-tube baby is born in the U.K. | |||||
| 1979 | Margaret Thatcher PM (Conservative) | ultrasound scan invented by Ian Donald | ||||
| 1980 | W.H.O. (World Health Organization) announces smallpox is eradicated. | |||||
| 1981 | First vaccine for hepatitis B. IBM Personal Computer released | |||||
| 1982 | Falklands War | |||||
| 1983 | HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is identified. | |||||
| 1984 | Leprosy Vaccine made | |||||
| 1985 | ||||||
| 1986 | Nuclear disaster at Chernobyl, Ukraine | |||||
| 1987 | ||||||
| 1988 | ||||||
| 1989 | Tim Berners-Lee develops the World Wide Web | Fall of the Berlin Wall Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia | ||||
| 1990 | Nelson Mandela released from prison | Reunification of Germany | ||||
| 1990 | John Major PM (Conservative) | |||||
| 1991 | Break-up of Soviet Union | |||||
| 1992 | ||||||
| 1993 | ||||||
| 1994 | ||||||
| 1995 | ||||||
| 1996 | Written theory section of driving test introducd | |||||
| 1997 | Tony Blair PM (Labour) | |||||
| 1998 | ||||||
| 1999 |
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[http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/goldrush/ Australian Gold Rush]
[[Records Office Guide|Civil Registration introduced]]
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